Dayton Miller and his 300.000 experiments which disproved Relativity and proved the Aether.

How many experiments did Einstein engage in? Why haven't you heard of Miller? What is 'The Science' hiding?

Dayton Miller’s aether drift measurement

Einstein: “I believe that I have really found the relationship between gravitation and electricity, assuming that the Miller experiments are based on a fundamental error. Otherwise, the whole relativity theory collapses like a house of cards.”

(Letter to Robert Millikan, June 1921 in Einstein: The Life and Times, p. 400).

A real scientist

Dayton Miller, like those before him who registered negative results when trying to prove Relativity and the Earth’s orbit around the Sun, was a Copernican Sunworshipper. He was a very well-known American physicist and a key figure in the US science establishment. Unlike Einstein he engaged in experimentation and physical proofs. He was not a man to be ignored.

Dayton Miller’s biography:

• PhD in science in 1890 from Princeton University

• President of both the American Physical Society (1925-1926) and Acoustical Society of America (1913-1933)

• Chairman of the division of Physical Sciences of the National Research Council (1927-1930)

• Chairman of the physics department of Case Western University

• Active member of the National Academy of Sciences.

• Worked with both Michelson and Morley on light interference experiments from 1900 to 1905. Continued post WW1 with similar but far more refined and voluminous experimentation.

What did he do?

During a 30-year period from approximately 1900-1933, Miller produced over 300.000 experimental tests which confirmed the 19^th and early 20th century’s interferometer measurements including Michelson-Morley’s, that no mechanical mobility or motion of the Earth could be detected, and there appeared to be an aether drift of 5-11 km per second.

Miller comprehensively disproved Relativity. But few have ever heard of him. Why is that? Does ‘The Science’ have something to hide?

Physical experimentations

Dayton Miller designed and built the most extensive and sophisticated interferometer experiment in history. Miller was no hack. As a devout Copernican, Miller was simply trying to prove the theory of heliocentricity and STR and either prove or disprove the shocking 1887 Michelson-Morley result. Miller was not a ‘Relativity-denier’.

(Miller’s Interferometer machine on Mount Wilson)

Miller took great care with his creation.

• At extraordinary cost he floated the interferometer device on a pool of mercury to eliminate friction.

• He employed different bases including, wood, metal and concrete.

• Miller performed tests at different times of the day, different seasons of the year, different altitudes, including the Mount Wilson observatory near Pasadena California, and at different latitudes with differing light sources.

• He took precautions against thermal distortions by insulating the apparatus in one- inch cork and by applying uniform parabolic heaters and taking account of human body heat.

• Miller covered the interferometer in glass so that drift would not be inhibited.

• He used a 50x magnification telescope to observe the fringes, which allowed him to see down to the hundredth scale.

• Miller even switched to an interferometer made of aluminum and brass to eliminate possible effects from magneto-constriction.

It was a comprehensive and largely incorruptible setup. Beyond reproach or meaningful critique.

The first round of testing ensued from 1902-1913, when Miller performed over 200,000 different readings working with Morley from the original Michelson-Morley team of 1887. By contrast, this original 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment had a total of 36 readings on an apparatus that was much smaller and less accurate.

The second round occurred between 1921 and 1933, when Miller performed over 100,000 trials. In total we have some 300.000 measurements¹.

How many experiments did the Einstotle engage in to prove ‘Relativity’? Zero?

What did Miller find?

Miller replicated the results from Michelson-Morley’s 1887 endeavor (repeated by Michelson himself in 1925 and 1929), which perfectly corresponded to the other interferometer measurements of the 19^th and early 20^th centuries. Miller found a mobility measurement of roughly 5-11 km per second, which is 1/6 to 1/3 of the expected result if the Earth was moving at 108.000 km / hour or roughly 67.000 miles per hour.

There was no proof of the Earth’s translation nor rotation. An aether drift was detected. By 1930 this was anathema to the cult of Relativity. No aether was and still is, the mantra.

Michelson-Morley had discovered a mobility rate of roughly 5-8km km / second. ‘The Science’ had ascribed a ‘null’ or even a ‘negative’ value to these outputs in order to argue against the existence of an aether. This was entirely specious and false. The results were positive but far below the expected helio-centric flight pattern of 30 km / second. Miller had simply confirmed what was uncovered in 1887.

In a letter dated October 4^th, 1930, Miller emphasises that:

‘It is true that nearly all the writers at the present time interpret the experiments as giving a definite null effect, and most of them assume that it is final. The truth of the matter is the experiment never gave a null effect. My present determinations are exactly in agreement with the 1887 results of Michelson and Morley. This fact has been widely announced especially in England, but the theory of relativity seems to be so acceptable to many persons that they overlook the apparent discrepancy.’²

As Miller suggests, ‘The Science’ by 1930 was already deeply invested in the fantasy-world of Einstein. Careers, monies, publications were all built on this ‘brave new world’ of fantasy-land physics. No one eating from this trough had any incentive to change course (see Brush, ‘Why Was Relativity Accepted?’). This is always the case with scientific ‘paradigms’ as described by Thomas Kuhn (‘The Structure of Scientific Revolutions’), who oddly left out egos and the allure of money, fame, and importance, when describing his cycles of scientific ‘revolutions’. All ‘revolutions’ are driven by those with the most to gain Mr Kuhn.

Looking for Draco

(Miller’s experiments identified ether drift and movement towards Draco or the Dragon)

Miller’s experiments went further than those conducted by Sagnac (1913) and Michelson-Gale (1923-5). Both Sagnac and Michelson attempted to discover the Earth’s absolute motion by detecting the differences in the speed of light of two beams within the same medium. They failed. By default they would also uncover the invariance fo light speed - which they did not. Light speed is variant.

Miller’s experiments did however track the ether drift and his results showed that such a drift was originating from the southern celestial hemisphere in the direction of the constellation Draco in the middle of the ‘Great Magellanic Cloud’³.

One of the interesting aspects of Miller’s results is that they were calculated in relation to ‘sidereal time’, or more plainly, ‘star time’ that is, against the displacement between a star and the Earth, as opposed to the Sun and the Earth. In this context a daily Earth-rotation from star-time yields 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09 seconds; while using the Sun as displacement, gives us 24 hours exactly.

Miller’s results showed that the ether is drifting in relation to the stars and gives a more definitive picture of absolute motion.

An analysis of Miller’s results indicates an amazing correlation with alignment of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) and the universal aether flow. Miller found the following variations by season in his ether flows (Miller, 1933):

• February (early) 9.8 km per second

• April (early) 10.1 km per second

• June (early) maxima

• August (early) 11.2 km per second

• September (mid) 9.6 km per second

• December (early) minima

The data reveals an apparent fluctuation based on the Sun’s position with respect to the northern hemisphere where Miller performed the experiments. The ether drift is at its maximum (~11 km per second) when the Sun is at the maximum latitude of its 47° annual ecliptic movement. The ether drift is at its minimum (~9 km / sec) when the Sun is at the minimum of its 47° annual ecliptic (23.5° in the northern hemisphere and 23.5° in the southern). The ether drift also varies between the maximum and minimum by a proportion commensurate with the remaining positions of the Sun.

In other words, the farther away the Sun is (or the steeper the angle) from Miller’s apparatus, the less the aether drift speed. This is quite astonishing and suggests that the aether moves around the Earth, and that the Earth is not moving through the aether.

This conclusion is replicated by many other observationsⁿ. Any detection of an aether drift abolishes STR and opens up Copernican theory to criticism and investigation. Better to bury the evidence and pretend it does not exist.

Einstein replacing Moses

What say Einstotle?

Miller did exchange information with Einstein, who from Mount Sinai did condescend from time to time, to answer Miller. Einstein was so alarmed by the results of Miller’s experiments that he stated quite plainly to one of his colleagues:

“If Michelson-Morley is wrong (i.e. if Miller confirms the results of Michelson-Morley), then relativity is wrong.”⁴

Miller, like Sagnac had not only replicated the Michelson-Morley results, but he had also deepened and widened the problems for STR and heliocentricity. Now an aether drift was both measurable and determined.

Einstein of course refused to even look at the results. In 1926 the Cleveland Plain Dealer newspaper ran a headline: “Case Scientist Will Conduct Further Studies in Ether Drift: Einstein Discounts Experiments”:

“Speaking before scientists at the University of Berlin, Einstein said the ether drift experiments at Cleveland showed zero results, while on Mount Wilson they showed positive results. Therefore, altitude influences results. In addition, temperature differences have provided a source of error.

“The trouble with Prof. Einstein is that he knows nothing about my results,” Dr. Miller said.

“He has been saying for thirty years that the interferometer experiments in Cleveland showed negative results. We never said they gave negative results, and they did not in fact give negative results. He ought to give me credit for knowing that temperature differences would affect the results. He wrote to me in November suggesting this. I am not so simple as to make no allowance for temperature.”⁵

The above summarises Einstein the non-scientist, quite perfectly. Einstein was 100% clueless about real experimentation and 100% terrified about the results.

Einstotle admits Relativity is falsified

Einstein knew that Miller had destroyed STR. In a 1925 letter to Edwin E. Slosson, he admits:

“My opinion about Miller’s experiments is the following.… Should the positive result be confirmed, then the special theory of relativity and with it the general theory of relativity, in its current form, would be invalid.…Only the equivalence of inertia and gravitation would remain, however, they would have to lead to a significantly different theory”⁶

Some clear evidence shows that Einstein was doing his best to ignore or even stifle experiments designed to show the same positive results as Michelson-Morley. In an interview Robert Shankland arranged with Einstein in 1952, he asked Einstein about the recently published paper on Relativity by J. L. Synge who predicted a small positive effect in a Michelson-Morley-type experiment. Shankland reports:

“Einstein stated strongly that he felt Synge’s approach could have no significance. He felt that even if Synge devised an experiment and found a positive result, this would be completely irrelevant….[Later] he again said that more experiments were not necessary, and results such as Synge might find would be ‘irrelevant,’ He told me not to do any experiments of this kind.”⁷

There we have the ‘great scientist’ Einstein in full view! Don’t do any experiments. Ignore contrary results. Dismiss them out of hand.

Shankland Dismisses Miller’s Findings

Dayton Miller, one of the most thorough of experimental and observational scientists in modern history, died in 1941. Einstein who performed no experiments, was to die in 1955, but before he died, and unable to address any of Miller’s results and challenges, he secured the services of a loyal Einsteinian, one Robert Shankland, to do a hatchet job of Miller’s irresistible works.

• Shankland had been a student of Miller’s for many years, and post-1941 after Miller died, he moved from the ‘Miller camp’ to the Einstein encampment, undoubtedly observing where the winds of fortune and fame were blowing within ‘The Science’.

• Shankland published his shoddy study on Miller, attempting to discredit some 30 years and 300.000 elaborate and painstaking experimental observations, the very month and year of Einstein’s death. More hagiography to grace the golden Yoda one assumes, in return for money and influence.

• Shankland’s report, as with all the hatchet jobs from ‘The Science’ is poor reading, full of misrepresentations as well as appeals to criticisms that had already been thoroughly addressed years earlier. Shankland and friends searched for and emphasized the random errors in Miller’s data which every experiment has, and selected only certain data sheets to examine, namely those in which Miller used a parabolic heater as a control experiment.⁸

None of Miller’s conclusions were based on these control experiments and they constitute only a tiny fraction of the total experimentation database⁹. The main objective was simply to bury Miller and censor any reference to his 300.000 odd observations.¹⁰

The fraud of ‘science’

Einstein and Shankland’s dismissal of Miller’s incredibly detailed and voluminous efforts is typical of ‘The Science.’ Miller was a careful scientist. Einstotle was just a philosopher. Miller in his own words:

One after another, these disturbances have been shown not to produce the observed effects….The solution is entirely consistent with the observations of Michelson and Morley of 1887, and those of Morley and Miller of 1902-1906….The reported effect has always been present; it is clearly shown to be directly related to sidereal time, that is, to a cosmic cause.”

“In making the observations, two independent quantities are noted, the direction in which the interferometer points when the effect is maximum, and the amount of periodic displacement of the interference fringes. Each of these two sets of readings leads to an independent determination of the right ascension and declination of the apex of the supposed motion of the earth in space. It is very significant that these two determinations are wholly concordant”.¹¹

Miller’s explanation is rather clear. All control mechanisms and groups were deployed within the thousands of observations to confirm the readings. Shankland and ‘The Science’ have lied and dissembled in their capricious remonstrance against Miller. Shocking? Not.

Nobel laureate Maurice Allais has also done an extensive study of Miller’s results and has concluded in his abstract: “It is utterly impossible to consider that the regularities displayed in Miller’s interferometric observations can be explained by temperature effects. As a result the light velocity is not trivial positive effect would affect very deeply the fundament of theoretical physics as it is presently accepted.”¹²

Pace Allais, a ‘trivial positive effect’ of some 5-11 km per second, was what Miller found confirming the Michelson-Morley positive results.

Bottom Line

Miller’s experiments are rarely taught because they disprove Relativity. He found an aether wind between 5-11 km per second, varying by altitude. He plotted the movement of the aether toward Draco and the direction of travel the Earth might be following. He also proved the variance of light speed. All of this nullifies Relativity. Not accepting his data is one of the great coverups and frauds with ‘scientific’ history.

Pace Miller, the only way to find the Earth’s movement is to perform motion experiments in the troposphere.

Miller’s efforts have been replicated including the non-interferometer coaxial cable experiments of DeWitte (1991) and Torr and Kolen (1984). Using cable completely nullifies the heat transfer objection. In analysing these results physicist Cahill concludes: “So the effect is certainly cosmological and not associated with any daily thermal effects, which in any case would be very small as the cable is buried.”¹³

Not only was Miller correct, but thousands of experiments have reconfirmed that light interference experiments can find no motion of this planet but do find speed of light variance, and an aether drift. ‘The Science’ wants nothing to do with these extensive proofs. Why is that? Is it because Miller has destroyed the Church of Relativity? Surely in the interest of ‘open science’, all of this is earnerstly discussed and debated?

All hail.

==

¹ D. C. Miller, “The Ether-Drift Experiment and the Determination of the Absolute Motion of the Earth,” Reviews of Modern Physics 5, 352-367, 1933.

² Arthur Lynch, The Case Against Einstein, p. 45

³ “The Ether-Drift Experiments at Mount Wilson Solar Observatory,” Physical Review, 19:407-408, 1922

⁴ Sir Herbert Samuel in the grounds of Government House, Jerusalem 1923 (Einstein: The Life and Times, p. 107)

⁵ The Cleveland Plain Dealer, 27 Jan. 1926

⁶ Dr. James DeMeo: ‘Dayton Miller’s Ether- Drift Experiments: A Fresh Look,’ 2002, 23-25

⁷ R. S. Shankland, “Conversations with Albert Einstein,” American Journal of Physics, 31:47-57, 1963, pp. 53-54, cited in Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought, p. 366

⁸ R. S. Shankland, S. W. McCuskey, F. C. Leone and G. Kuerit, “Analysis of the Interferometer Observations of Dayton C. Miller,” Reviews of Modern Physics, 27(2):167- 178, April 1955

⁹ DeMeo, “Dayton Miller’s Ether-Drift Experiments: A Fresh Look,” pp. 23-25

¹⁰ Robert Shankland, “Conversations with Albert Einstein II,” American Journal of Physics, 41:895-901, July 1973

¹¹ Dayton C. Miller, Nature, 117:890, 1926

¹² Reginald Cahill, “The Einstein Postulates: 1905-2005: A Critical Review of the Evidence,” in Einstein and Poincaré: The Physical Vacuum, 2006, p. 131.

¹³ R. Cahill Novel Gravity Probe B Gravitational Wave Detection, Flinders University, August 21, 2004, pp. 16-17.

ⁿOne example is a study performed by Copernicans Smoot, Gorenstein and Muller, who also sought to find the motion of the Earth but failed (Physical Review Letters, 39, 898, 1977). They did find an aether drift (Michael Rowan-Robinson, “Ether drift detected at last,” Nature, Vol. 270, November 3, 1977, p. 9). These guys were only 90 years behind the 1887 evidence which found the aether. Nice one.

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An overview of Special Theory of Relativity (STR)

James Webb Telescope observations which refute parts of STR and the Big Bang

Scientism and Special Relativity, the Paradigm is ending